专升本、四级英语考试解析（二十九） ​​​​

题目二：
本文节选自Sharon L. Spray, ‎Karen Leah McGlothlin所著Global Climate Change一书。
参考原文
Global warming is what we are worried about, and it is exACTly as it sound — a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice melted away. However, we have already reached temperatures that re in line with other interglacial (minimum ice) periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are contributing to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ranging between 1° and 6 ℃ (2° and 10 ℉) over the next 100 years. The warming will be more dramatic in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the impACT of this warming will be very different depending on where you are — coastal areas must worry about rising sea level, while Siberia and northern Canada my become more habitable and appealingfor humans than these areas are now.
The fACT remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on average, everywhere. Scientists are in general aGREement that this process has already begun and that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing at the end of the twentieth century are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] 1995). Some scientistsmaintain that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random variation — some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years recently — but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.
答案解析
36. I) melted
本空是谓语，需要动词，且空前并列成分谓语用的是过去式ended，因此需要过去式。备选的有melted（融化）和resolved（决心），能与空前ice构成合理意思、且与空后away构成搭配的只有melted，表示“冰川融化”。
37. G) line
本空空前是介词，因此需要名词性成分，且要考虑与空后的with构成搭配。符合要求的只有line（in line with，与……一致）。意思是我们已经接近“与其他最小冰川期时一致的温度”。
38. C) contributing
前句用完成时表示已经达到的状态，本句we are描述的则是正在发生的过程，需要动词的ing形式，且要考虑与空后的介词to构成搭配。备选的有appealing to（呼吁、上诉）、contributing to（促成、导致），ranging后不直接与介词to构成搭配。意思合理的只有contributing，为“我们正促成世界范围内气温的升高”。
39. K) ranging
本空引领的是temperature的后置定语，需要动词分词。备选的有appealing（呼吁、上诉）、ranging（范围在……）和resolved（决心）。空后的between 1℃ and 6 ℃明显是范围区间，因此ranging合乎语义。range between/from A and B为常用搭配。
40. D) dramatic
本空作为表语，且空前有more，提示了本空需要形容词。备选的有appealing（有吸引力的）、dramatic（戏剧性的、突发的）和sensible（明智的）。这里描述的是气候变化的效果，因此dramatic意思更合适，意为“某些地方的气候变化会更加戏剧化”。后半句提到的有些地方可能cool off（变冷）也是暗示气候变化的突发及剧烈。
41. F) impACT
空前的the暗示本空需要名词。备选的有average（平均）、impACT（影响）和shock（震惊）。impACT和shock都能用于与warming构成搭配，但后面提到的different depending on where you are提示了本空应当是一个较为宽泛的概念，故impACT更合适，意为“气候变暖的影响因所在地不同而不同”。
42. A) appealing
空前的and提示了本空与and前的habitable（宜居的）同词性且义相近。因此本空需要形容词，备选的有appealing（有吸引力的）和sensible（明智的）。意思上与habitable更能并列、描述本句所说的Siberia and northern Canada的影视appealing，表示“西伯利亚和加拿大北部可能会变得更宜居、更吸引人”。
43. B) average
空前介词on提示了本空需要名词性成分与之构成搭配。备选的有average（平均）和shock（震惊）。这里意思更合理的是average，且on average是固定搭配“平均地”。
44. H) maintain
本空需要谓语，且前句所用为一般现在时，考虑到本句主语为复数scientists，因此本空需要动词原形。备选的有maintain（维持、坚称）、persist（坚持）和shock（震惊）。但persist为不及物动词，而本空后有宾语从句；shock意思不合适是且一般后面接人。因此只能选maintain。意为“有些科学家坚称……”。
45. L) recently
本空所在句不缺其它成分，本空需要副词。备选的又frequently（频繁地）和recently（最近）。空前提到科学家认为气候变化无规律，有些年冷、有些年热（some years are cold, others warm）。本空所在的we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years应当是顺着科学家的观点而来，解释我们现在所处的正好是偏热的年份期。因此本空用recently强调当下更佳。若选frequently表示“我们频繁处在偏热的年份”，则与科学家所持的气温冷热无规律交替的观点不相符合。