专升本、四级英语考试解析（二十三）
发布时间：2021-08-27浏览：次
编辑：hongsheng
【翻译题目1】自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“千年（millennium）发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。
解析：该文章紧扣时代主题，表述的是中国经济发展的趋势和走向，对于考生的表达积累，提出了高要求，如“五年规划”“计划经济”“市场经济”“服务业”等等，大家在考试的时候，一定注意读清楚句子，看清主干再翻译。在主干的基础上增加定语，状语，调整好语序。该文章中，有许多动词形式来表达发展目标，因此用到的非谓语动词非常之多，非谓语做定语和做状语非常常见，大家在翻译的时候，注意用合适的的非谓语形式进行表达。
译文：China has been shifting from planned economy to market economy since the reform in 1978, undergoing rapid development of economy and society. The growth of GDP by average 10% has already contributed to the 50 billion people’s shaking off poverty. The Millennium Development Goal proposed by U.N has already been or will soon be accomplished. At present, the 12th five-year-plan emphasizes much on service industry, improvement of environment and social imbalance solving. The government has set the goals to reduce environmental pollution, to enhance energy efficiency, to improve education and healthcare opportunities and to widen the reach of social security. The annual growth by 7% shows clearly that it is the quality of people’s life that the government place emphasis on rather than the growth speed.
【翻译题目2】反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。
解析：该译文依然沿用中国文化主题，通过画画，展示了传统中国文化中的两大门派和其所主张的处世原则。文章中词汇难度比较大，处理时，有一定难度。中文是以动词见长的语言，而原文中，多动词平行结构，多短剧。在翻译的过程中，大家一定要理解清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系联系，翻译成英文时，将核心和主干结构翻译出来。特别是在处理“下棋饮茶，耕耘收割，织布缝衣，户外玩耍”，避免一句多谓的情况。
译文： The ideal of country life reflected in art and literature work serves as an significant feature of Chinese civilization, which ,to a large extent, is due to the deep sentiment to nature from Taoist. Two subjects enjoy painters’ favor the most. One is the scenery of happiness of daily family life. Such scenery would include an old ’s leisurely drinking tea and playing chess, a husband’s ploughing and gaining, a wife’s needling and sewing and children’s playing outside. Another is the pleasure of country life. In a drawing like this, scenes can be seen like fishermen’s fishing, farmer’s herbs gathering and firewood cutting or an intellecture’s writing a poem or drawing paints under a pine tree. These two subjects respectively represent the ideal life of Confucianists and Taoist.
【翻译题目3】中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。
解析：译文同样紧跟党中央的步伐，符合时代主题，时政类的题材，要求对一些特殊名词有所积累，比如“教育部”“欠发达地区”“职业学院”“大学文凭”等等。大家在翻译的时候，尽量把句子翻译得简单干练，一目了然，不需要追求过多文字上的精心雕琢。先将主干找出来，最好将主干翻译成五大基本句型，在此基础上再来进行其他成分的架构。难度上，比上两篇都容易一些。
译文： China will endeavor to make sure that every employee will get an average 13.3 year of education in 2015. If this goal can be achieved, the majority of those to get employed in labor market are required to have bachelor’s deGREe. In the next few years, a GREat emphasis will be put on the increasing enrollment of vocational school. The focus will be on high education. Besides, more attention will be center on the breakthrough of ensuring the justice of education. China is trying to make the best use of its educational resource to give more support to the rural areas and less developed places. Besides, the education ministry decided to improve nutrition of students in less developed places and children of those migrant workers will be offered the equal opportunities to receive education in the city.
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